What are types of precast concrete?

Types of Precast Concrete Systems

1. Structural Framing Systems
Beams & Columns: Precast load-bearing elements for skeletal frameworks in buildings/bridges.
Hollow-Core Slabs: Lightweight floor/roof decks with longitudinal voids for wiring/piping.
Double Tees: T-shaped slabs with wide flanges for long-span floors (e.g., parking garages).

2. Wall Systems
Solid Walls: Monolithic panels for shear walls or partitions.
Sandwich Walls: Insulated panels (concrete-insulation-concrete) for thermal efficiency.
Tilt-Up Panels: Large walls cast horizontally onsite, tilted vertically into position.

3. Modular Volumetric Units
3D Modules: Fully finished rooms (bathrooms, kitchens) cast as enclosed boxes.
Utility Shafts: Preassembled stairwells/elevator cores lifted into place.

4. Façade & Cladding
Architectural Panels: Decorative facades with exposed aggregates, textures, or pigments.
Spandrels: Window-to-floor panels integrating insulation and weatherproofing.

5. Infrastructure Components
Bridge Elements: Girders, parapets, and deck segments for rapid bridge assembly.
Tunnel Segments: Curved rings for subway/roadway tunnels.
Retaining Walls: Gravity or cantilevered units for earth retention.

6. Specialty Systems
Stair Systems: Precast flights and landings with anti-slip finishes.
Parking Elements: Double tees, columns, and ramps optimized for garage construction.
Blast-Resistant Panels: Reinforced units for military/industrial facilities.

7. Hybrid Systems
Semi-Precast Floors: Precast slabs with cast-in-place topping for structural continuity.
Composite Beams: Precast beams combined with steel girders for enhanced spans.

8. Sustainable Systems
Recycled-Aggregate Units: Panels using crushed demolition waste.
Permeable Pavers: Eco-pavers allowing stormwater infiltration.